How to Choose a Property in Spain?
Choosing a property is not only about the property itself, but mainly about its context. The key factors are location, accessibility (car vs. walking distance), distance to services, surrounding development, and the orientation of the apartment or house.
It is also important to consider whether you are buying the property for personal use, investment, or a combination of both. Each of these goals has different criteria and significantly influences the selection process.
Why Andalusia and Costa del Sol?
Costa del Sol has long been one of the most stable locations in Spain. It offers more than 300 sunny days per year, quality infrastructure, an international airport in Málaga, and high rental demand.
Higher prices compared to other areas are balanced by market liquidity and long-term property value growth.
What is NIE and Why Do You Need It?
NIE (Número de Identidad de Extranjero) is a foreigner identification number in Spain. Without it, it is not possible to purchase a property.
You will need it not only for the purchase contract, but also to open a bank account, set up utilities, and pay taxes. It can be obtained either in Spain or at the Spanish consulate in the Czech Republic.
How to Open a Bank Account in Spain?
After obtaining your NIE, you will open an account with a Spanish bank through which the entire transaction is processed.
You will need: an ID or passport, NIE number, and proof of income or business activity. The account is also used for ongoing payments such as utilities, community fees, and taxes.
Is a Deposit or Reservation Paid When Buying a Property?
Yes. First, a reservation fee of approximately €5,000–€6,000 is usually paid, which removes the property from the market.
This is followed by signing a preliminary purchase agreement, and the deposit is increased to approximately 10% of the purchase price. This amount serves as a binding guarantee of the transaction.
Is It Possible to Be Represented During the Purchase?
Yes, the entire process can be handled through a power of attorney. This is granted to a lawyer or a so-called gestoría, who will represent you when signing contracts, communicating with authorities, and transferring the property.
This means the purchase can be completed even without your physical presence in Spain.
When Does the Property Transfer Take Place?
The property transfer takes place upon signing the notarial deed (Escritura de compraventa). At that moment, you become the legal owner of the property.
The notary then submits the application for registration in the Land Registry, which usually takes approximately 4–6 months (longer for new developments).
How Long Does the Entire Purchase Process Take?
Typically 4–8 weeks from the payment of the deposit. The timeline may vary depending on the agreement between the parties, financing arrangements, or the legal due diligence of the property.
What Are the Total Acquisition Costs?
In addition to the property price, it is necessary to budget approximately an additional 10–13%.
This typically includes:
Property transfer tax (7% for resale properties)
Notary fees approximately €1,000–€1,500
Land Registry fees approximately €800–€1,000
Legal fees approximately 1% + VAT
For new-build properties, a 10% VAT is paid instead of the property transfer tax.
What Are the Annual Property Ownership Costs?
Every property owner must pay property tax (IBI), which ranges approximately from 0.3% to 1.1% of the cadastral value.
In addition, owners pay for utilities, water, insurance, and community fees (maintenance, pool, gardens).
If the property is rented out, income tax is payable (approximately 19%).